What is style formatting. What is "style formatting"? How to set the desired style

Topic 2.4. Database management systems and expert systems

2.4.11. Training base data with the main button form "Training_students" - Download

Microsoft Word- word processor

2.1. Processing of text information. Word processors

2.1.3. Text document formatting and styles in Word

Formatting a text document

Formatting a document is changing its appearance. WORD provides document formatting at five different levels:

• at the character level (changing the typeface, style, font size and color, letter spacing in a word, animation, etc.);
• at the paragraph level (left, right, center, and justified; right and left indents; first line indent; indents before and after a paragraph; line spacing, pagination control, etc.);
• at the page level (page settings, page orientation, frame, headers and footers of the first page, even and odd pages, etc.);
• at the section level (formation of sections from the next page or on the current page, splitting text into columns, etc.);
• at the document level (page numbers, table of contents, etc.).

A paragraph is a piece of text that ends with a non-printable character or a piece of text whose input process ends with pressing the Enter key. A paragraph includes: a paragraph of the main text, headings, table of contents, lists (numbered and bulleted), etc.

To format characters, use the Font dialog box (Format / Font) or commands on the formatting toolbar. Paragraphs are formatted using the Paragraph dialog box, which is opened by the Format / Paragraph command.

You can view the formatting of the selected text in the task pane by executing the Format / Show Formatting command.

Styles

Styles are for external design document and its paragraphs, i.e. styles are used to format the document. A style is a set of formatting commands stored under a unique name for reuse. Formatting text with a style is much faster than manually formatting each element of text, as one command (style) automatically formats a group of text options.

There are three main types of styles:

1. A character style contains character formatting options, including font, size, style, position, and spacing.
2. A paragraph style contains paragraph formatting options such as line spacing, indentation, alignment, and tab stops. Paragraph styles can also contain character formatting styles or options. Most of the styles used in Word are paragraph styles.
3. The table style contains table formatting options (when you insert a table, the table grid style is assigned by default).

When you create a new document based on the Normal template, it gets a copy of the style set from basic set general purpose styles (from built-in styles): Normal, Headings 1, 2, 3.

After entering text into a document is completed and the text has been edited, it is advisable to use the AutoFormat command to change the appearance of the entire document.

When a document is automatically formatted, each paragraph is assigned one of the Word styles. For example, a heading might be assigned the Heading 1 or Heading 2 style, a body paragraph with the Body text style, and a list paragraph with the List style. Notes are assigned the Note Text style, headers are assigned the Note text style. Page header, and page numbers - style Page number, etc.

Assigning standard Word styles to paragraphs in a document enables you to quickly change the look of your created document by applying styles from the Style Library. Built-in styles provide formatting for headings at different levels and allow you to view the hierarchical structure of the document in outline mode, as well as quickly build a table of contents.

Also, if most of the paragraphs in your document use the Body Text style instead of the Normal Text style, you can easily reformat just the body text style without affecting the style of the rest of the text.

Style operations in the Styles and Formatting task pane

Styles can be changed and new ones can be created. In addition, you can apply a different style (overlay style) to already formatted text, i.e. reformat it.

To do this, select the Format / Styles and Formatting command, the task pane will appear in the Styles and Formatting mode. Position the cursor on the text to be reformatted, and in the task pane under "Select Formatting to Apply", click on the desired style, the paragraph under the cursor is reformatted to the selected style.

If you need to change the style or create a new style, then place the cursor in the text, the style you want to change, in the task pane in the Formatting Selected Text section, the style of the text under the cursor will be displayed. Next, you need to move the mouse pointer to the name of the style and click on the arrow that appears on the right, a list of commands will open: Clear format, Change style, Create style. Select the required command (change or create a style), the corresponding dialog box will appear, in which you can change or create a style.

The Normal style is the base for most other paragraph styles, so changing the Normal style will change all styles based on it. The Normal style is not based on any of the styles.

Rice. 1.

Rice. 2.

Elements of text documents that are entered into the document in the process of editing and formatting it:

• Headers (View / Headers).
• Symbol (Insert / Symbol).
• Reference (footnotes; titles of figures, tables, formulas; cross-references; table of contents and indexes). Called by the Insert / Link command.
• Note (Insert / Note).
• Hyperlink (Insert / Hyperlink).
• Bookmark (Insert / Bookmark).
• Backgrounds, backgrounds and themes (Format / Background, Format / Theme).

A header or footer is text or a picture (page number, document printing date, document title, author's name, picture, etc.) that is printed at the bottom or top of each document page. Depending on the location (on the top or bottom margin of the page), there are headers and footers.

To create a header and footer, you must execute the View / Header and Footer command. Headers and footers, like the background of a document, as well as margins, page size and orientation, page numbers, page and section breaks, refer to changing the appearance of pages and a document.

Check spelling (spelling and grammar) in Word

Spell check (spelling) is an editor tool that allows you to check and correct the spelling of words in a document. The editor compares the words in the checked document with the dictionary, and unknown words are highlighted. After that, you can skip the word, correct it or add it to the dictionary.

A grammar check is a check of the grammatical and stylistic rules of writing (inconsistency between the subject and the predicate, incorrect prepositional combinations).

There are several ways to check spelling:

1. Check spelling and grammar as you type.
2. Manual spelling and grammar checking.

to install automatic check spelling and grammar, do the following: Select the Tools/Options command and in the window that appears, click the Spelling tab. Check the box to check spelling automatically and check grammar automatically.

To manually check spelling and grammar, you must select the command Service / Spelling, the Spelling dialog box will appear, with which you can perform the required check.

Rice. 3.

Viewing and Printing a Document

Depending on the tasks performed in Microsoft Word 2003, you can choose different document viewing modes:

1. layout mode.
2. View mode.
3. View.

Layout modes are used when working on a document, this mode includes: Page layout, Web document, Normal, Structure.

View modes are used to read the document and navigate in it, this mode includes: Reading Mode, Thumbnails, Document Outline.

View is used to display the appearance of the document in the publication form, this mode includes: Web page preview, Preview.

Mode preview useful for viewing multiple pages of a document in a reduced size. In this mode, you can view page breaks and watermarks, and change the content or formatting of the document before it is printed.

Check your document before printing appearance by issuing the command File - Preview or by clicking the Preview button on the toolbar. To exit the preview mode, click the "Close" button.

To print a document using the default printer settings and print settings, click the Print button in the Print Preview window or on the Standard toolbar.

To select a printer and set print options, select the Print command from the File menu, and the Print dialog box will appear.

Rice. 4.

In the printer area, select the desired printer from the list provided.

In the Page area, you should specify which part of the document to print: the entire document; the current page; selected fragment or several pages with specified numbers.

The number of copies is set in the Number of copies field.

Select the option Enable: all pages in a range, or all odd-numbered pages are printed first, and then even-numbered pages.

The Zoom option group allows you to print multiple pages of text on one sheet of paper.

Row additional options printing can be specified by clicking the Options button.

DIRECT AND STYLE TEXT FORMATTING

Direct Formatting

Text formatting - the process of its design. The main purpose of formatting is to make the perception of the finished document simple and pleasant for the reader.

Character Formatting

Symbol - the minimum graphic unit of text.

Paragraph formatting

Paragraph is the portion of the document between two adjacent non-printing end-of-paragraph control characters. The process of entering a paragraph is ended by pressing the key Enter .

Paragraph properties include: alignment, first line indent, line spacing, left and right indents, intervals before and after.

Paragraph alignment - the position of the paragraph relative to the side borders of the page.

Paragraph alignment examples

Indents left and right - the distance from the edge of the page to the left (and, accordingly, right) paragraph border.

Text indent examples:

First line indent - indent before a paragraph, red line.

First line indent examples:

Intervals before And after set the distance between adjacent paragraphs above and below.

Line spacing defines the spacing between adjacent lines within a paragraph.

Line spacing examples:

Style formatting.

Smaller documents can be formatted with direct formatting. When working with large texts, as a rule, style formatting is used. The meaning of this operation is that structural elements that carry the same functional load are assigned a certain formatting style - a set of formatting parameters (font, its style and size, first line indent, line spacing). Modern word processors allow you to automatically create table of contents documents in which section headings of different levels are applied style formatting. Using a special command, the user specifies the headings of which levels should be included in the table of contents, paragraphs of the specified styles are automatically selected from the text of the document and placed, indicating the page numbers from which they were taken, in new section"Table of contents".

You can create your own styles or use the ready-made ones available in word processor. Based on certain styles, templates of standard documents are created - booklets, diplomas, business cards, invoices, resumes, business letters, reports.

It is enough for the user to enter his information into separate blocks of the template and it will automatically acquire the specified design.

Formatting pages of documents.

When making text document intended for printing, special attention should be paid to its location on sheets of paper.

Formatting principle

Principles of word processing

The purpose of processing any text is to give it some form that facilitates the perception of information and is subject to generally accepted rules and standards.

Formatting is giving a document a certain shape.

All structural units of the document are subjected to formatting - from a character to the entire document. Formatting is performed using the Format menu item. For each structural unit of the document, special commands are used. For example, to format font characters, the command Format ® Font calls up a dialog box for setting character parameters, and to format a paragraph, there is a command Format ® Paragraph. The remaining commands of the Format menu item are applicable both to sections or the entire document, and to individual text elements. The exception is the Page Setup command located in the File menu item. This command invokes the general settings dialog box for the document. For example, paper size and orientation, margins.

Note.

Fields are conveniently set using the mouse, moving the field boundaries in the desired direction.

Format commands apply:

Font - to selected characters (if there are no selected characters, then formatting will be applied to newly entered characters, ᴛ.ᴇ. by default);

Paragraph - to the selected or current paragraph (the current paragraph is called the paragraph in which the insertion point is located - the cursor;

Page Setup - for the entire document.

Formatting options:

Font - type, size, style, underline, color, as well as various special effects for font symbols;

Paragraph - alignment, indents, spacing, as well as paragraph break control functions when switching to another page.

Select (isolate) the object on which actions will be performed, and then select a command.

The appearance and design of the document should be in a certain uniform style. Those. some text elements may have the same format. For example, all headings in a document are italic and center-aligned, while paragraph text is justified, first-line indented, and regular characters, and so on. In this case, it is convenient to apply a style to format these elements.

Style - ϶ᴛᴏ paragraph format pattern.

Applying a style is the procedure for formatting a paragraph in accordance with a sample style.

The style is applied to the entire paragraph.

Style technology.

1 Select an object.

2 Select a style from the style list.

The list of styles is on the Formatting toolbar as a select from list box.

In addition to the styles available in the list box, you can create your own style and then use it for formatting.

Technology for creating a style “on the model”:

1 Format the sample paragraph;

2 Click in the selection field on the name of the style, select it;

3 Enter the name of the new style from the keyboard and press Enter.

Formatting style is a set of formatting elements (font, paragraph, etc.) that has a unique name. Any paragraph word document decorated with a specific style, standard or custom.

There are four main types of styles in Word:

• Character styles
• paragraph styles
• · table styles;
• list styles.

Style formatting has a number of advantages over manual formatting:

• · saves time. Applying a style as a set of formatting elements is much faster than applying them one by one.
• Promotes document consistency. With manual formatting, sections that are identical in terms of formatting may differ in their formats, while applying a style introduces rigor into the design of the document. Allows you to quickly change the appearance of individual elements throughout the document. In this case, it is enough to make changes to the style, and the design will take effect throughout the document.

Paragraph styles typically combine character and paragraph formatting and define the appearance of a paragraph. In this case, all formatting elements for the paragraph must be specified.

Character styles contain one or more formatting elements without requiring that all formatting elements be fully defined for a character. Paragraph style, character style, and manual formatting can be applied to the same text. They are arranged in a certain hierarchy: manual formatting takes precedence over character formatting, and character style takes precedence over paragraph style. If the style needs to be applied to one paragraph, then it is enough to place the cursor anywhere in this paragraph or select the necessary fragment.

The style can be applied in one of the following ways.

• · Formatting toolbar, Style list, select the desired style.
• · Taskbar Styles and Formatting, select the desired style (to display the taskbar, use the menu Format ==> Styles and Formatting (fig.1.1).
• · Place the cursor in the master paragraph, click the button on the Standard toolbar, apply the master style to the desired paragraph by moving to it.

Fig.1.1.

Using the Styles and Formatting task pane, you can select all fragments that have the same formatting style. This can be done, for example, as follows: place the text cursor in a paragraph that has the desired formatting (the style will be displayed in the Formatting Selected Text window of the taskbar), then select Select on the taskbar All, then perform the necessary action with the selected text. You can also use the context menu.

Using "Styles" in Microsoft Word can automate document formatting and save you time, which will greatly affect your productivity while working with documents. If you want to learn how to quickly format text, then follow the basic steps below.

Step 1. Apply styles to sections of unformatted documents.

Sometimes text or a section of text in a document may not look the way you want, and in order to transform it, you need to select the desired fragment, go to the "Styles" menu and select the desired style to apply.

Step 2: Quickly Modify an Existing Style

Step 3. Create a table of contents with styles

When writing multi-section scientific papers or book chapters, you may need to use tables of contents, which in this case are important, as they help in navigating through the contents of the document.

To set the table of contents, do the following:

1. Place the cursor on the part of the document where you want to place the table of contents.
2. Click the Links tab, then click Table of Contents.
3. Pay attention to the dialog box that appears. The "Auto-assembled TOC 1, 2" options will speed up the creation process. "Manual Table of Contents" makes it possible detailed settings but it will take longer to install.
4. Check out the "Custom Table of Contents" option. Once selected, you can use styles to change how the table of contents is displayed by clicking Edit.
5. If your table of contents has multiple levels, select the one you want to change.
6. You will then see the dialog box used when changing the style. Change the specifications if necessary, then click OK.

As you can see, working with text or styles can save time. You only need to make changes to the "Styles" or "Tables" once and then use it as a template, applying it to the necessary fragments of text or the whole document.

Video: Formatting a document in MS Word 2003. Working with styles