USB adapter connection. In what ways can I make and connect a USB input to a head unit

Even today, there are some modern cars that are equipped with radios without a USB connector, not to mention older cars. This state of affairs does not suit many car owners, which prompts the search for possible solutions. One of the available options to equip a USB head unit is to connect the input yourself, it's easy to do, but not all car radios accept this solution.

What is the USB input on the car radio

Many car owners are faced with a situation where the head unit in the car does not read music from a flash drive. And the whole problem is that the device simply does not have a USB input, i. it was not originally provided. Moreover, this situation is relevant not only for old cars, but on modern foreign cars you can often find such a distinctive feature. Almost everyone will agree that you want to listen to music in the car without any restrictions, and you can’t burn much on a CD. Yes, and the disks in the car today are somehow inconvenient and out of date. How to be, is there a solution to the problem? After all, replacing the radio, the pleasure is not the cheapest and not everyone can afford it. Below we will try to understand the situation in detail and find the best solution.

How to make and connect a USB input to the radio

Today, all kinds of electronic devices and devices do not exist, and, of course, the above problem has not been left aside. It is not necessary to change the head unit, it is enough just to improve the device. There are different options that we will consider.

USB adapter from an mp3 player for a regular tape recorder

For this method, we need the simplest mp3 player that can read music files of the appropriate format from both a memory card and a flash drive. An important feature: the player must have an audio output (jack) for headphones. A signal will be taken from it and fed to the radio. It is worth noting that to complete the procedure, at least minimal skills in working with a soldering iron are needed to avoid solder shorts during the soldering process and damage to the insulation of wires, elements, etc. The implementation of the player is done as follows:

1. We disassemble the radio and remove the CD drive or tape drive mechanism from it (if the radio is a cassette).
2. We take power from the standard device to power the player, the board of which we first remove from the case.
3. Depending on the player's supply voltage, you will have to implement a voltage converter circuit. For example, the car's on-board network has 12 V, and the player is powered by a 3.6 V Li-ion battery.
4. We take the sound signal from the output of the player and feed it to the AUX input of the radio. The connection will require a shielded wire, i.e. the wires must be braided. On the radio board, you need to find the audio input contacts. We solder the wire from the player to them.
5. We are mounting the player board inside the radio, since after removing the CD drive, the space will be freed. For convenience, the USB connector itself is located in a hole designed for cassettes or disks.
6. Connect the wires carefully to avoid a possible short circuit.
7. To control the player, the buttons are connected to unused buttons from the CD drive.
8. It remains to assemble the radio, install it in place and you can enjoy the music, for which it is enough to activate the AUX mode.

Thus, we assembled the USB adapter ourselves. With this connection method, the volume level on the radio should be made lower, which will eliminate the loud signal at a high input signal level.

DIY adapter

Consider another option for connecting a flash drive. In this case, you will need a plug from standard headphones, tulip-type connectors and a 4-wire copper-braided wire. An adapter will be made from these elements. For the procedure to be successful, the radio must have an AUX input. Before starting work, make sure that the wire from the headphones is not broken. To do this, nicknamed it a multimeter. The whole process is as follows:

1. We remove the insulation from the wire from the headphones and see the conductors of red and green, which correspond to the right and left channels (we cut off the headphones themselves). These conductors must be stripped and soldered to the middle contacts on the tulip connector.
2. The braid of the main wire is connected to the steel base of the “tulip”.
3. The finished adapter must have the following wiring: the signals of the right and left channels are fed to the middle contacts of the “tulips”, and the steel base is the common contact.
4. We connect an adapter to the external audio signal connector of the radio, with which you can connect any device: tablet, smartphone, player, etc.
5. It remains to activate the AUX mode and you can listen to music.

How to make an AUX connector

From the above, you can understand that the radio should have an AUX input. But what if there is no such connector, how to connect an external signal source in this case? There is a way out of this situation, and you can do everything yourself. For this we need:

• audio jack (standard 3-pin stereo jack);
• wire for connections (2 in screen);
• soldering iron and everything you need for it (solder and flux);
• multimeter.

After everything is prepared, you can proceed to dismantle the device. Let's consider the whole process using the Toyota Avensis head unit as an example. To remove it you need:

1. Pry off the decorative strip from the end on the right, pull along the entire length and remove it.
2. Disconnect the connector from the button responsible for heating the rear window.
3. The radio is fixed with two bolts. To unscrew them, you need to use a screwdriver with a magnet. Otherwise, the bolts will fall behind the panel.
4. To provide free access, the handbrake must be raised.
5. We move the selector to the central position and press the Shift Lock button, while the ignition must be turned off. In the corner we hook the selector panel by snapping off the caps.
6. Disconnect the connector going to the ashtray and remove the panel.
7. From below, more fixing bolts will be visible, which we carefully unscrew.
8. We take out the radio so that access to the connectors on the rear panel is provided.
9. Disconnect all connectors.

1. Remove brackets (left and right).
2. Using a flat screwdriver, we pry off the plastic locks of the front panel, after which we remove the panel itself.
3. Under the panel there is a seal, which we also remove.
4. We unscrew the bolts that connect the front panel to the side walls and the player. After that, the walls can be removed to the side.
5. Remove the back cover of the radio and the top of the player.
6. It is necessary to carefully lift the player, after which two cables will be visible and accessible. We take them out of the connectors and remove the player.

This completes the disassembly process. But before connecting the AUX connector, you need to understand the board and find two points (RCH and LCH). These points correspond to the two channels (outputs) of the player to the head unit. After the points are found, perform the following actions:

1. We take 3 wires of different colors (the best option is a shielded pair of cores) of small cross section and about 0.5 m long.
2. We connect one of the wires by soldering to ground.
3. Solder the other two wires to the right and left channels. For soldering use a low-power soldering iron 25-30 watts.
4. After the wires are soldered, you should write down what color wire corresponds to which channel.
5. The wires are wrapped in heat shrink tubing.

If there is a question of introducing an AUX connector into a cassette recorder, then the process is not difficult. On the front panel of the device there is a volume control with 3 outputs arranged in a row. We solder wires 25 cm long to the extreme conclusions. It is desirable that the wire be shielded, which will avoid interference. From the device, the wires are brought out. Alternatively, you can make a small hole in the side wall for them. It remains to connect the audio connector and in order not to get confused with the channels, our mark will come in handy. When the wires are soldered to the connector, they select a convenient place to mount it.

Upon completion of installation, check the performance of the speakers in radio mode. To supply an external signal (from an mp3 player, smartphone or tablet), use the appropriate audio adapter that connects the audio output of one of the listed devices to the AUX input of the radio. At the same time, you need to turn on the CD on the radio to activate the channels.

Video: How to install AUX on the example of a Kenwood radio

Connecting a flash drive to AUX - is it possible?

Many people wonder - is it possible to connect a USB flash drive directly to the AUX input of the radio? The answer is simple - you can't. And all because the flash drive needs power, plus there is simply no sound signal output from this type of media. To play music from a flash drive, there must be a reader. Those who buy an adapter of this type: on the one hand, an audio connector, on the other, a USB socket, connected to each other by a piece of wire, will be disappointed. Such an adapter will not work for the same reasons as listed above. In this case, you need to purchase a special adapter (adapter), which is not just a piece of wire, but a device assembled in a separate case.

Thus, we considered possible ways to get a USB connector for connecting a USB flash drive to a CD or cassette player. In fact, there is nothing complicated in this procedure. The main thing is not to rush during the soldering process, to perform actions carefully and connect the wires to the appropriate points. At the same time, the costs, compared with the acquisition of a new radio, are minimal.

In order to be able to connect a USB flash drive to the head unit, it is not necessary to buy a new expensive device. It is enough to make simple improvements and you can listen to music both from a flash drive and from other signal sources. This will require minimal skills in working with a soldering iron and a phased procedure.

How to connect an adapter?

A wireless network adapter is a device that allows a computer to connect to the Internet. Wi-Fi adapters are relevant for PCs and laptops that are not equipped with a Wi-Fi module.

In the article, we will look at how to connect and configure the adapter.

Types of network adapters

To date, there are two types of Wi-Fi adapters

External adapters

1. There are devices outwardly similar to a regular flash drive. Connect to a computer or laptop via USB.
2. Also on sale are adapters that look like a mini-router. The device is equipped with one or two external antennas and is connected to a computer via USB/mini USB.

Internal adapters

1. There are devices outwardly similar to a microcircuit, to which one or two antennas are attached. They are connected to the computer through the motherboard.
2. There are also adapters with a built-in antenna that plug into your computer's expansion slot (if available).

Regardless of the type of network adapter, the device provides access to the Internet through a connection to an access point.

Connecting and configuring a Wi-Fi adapter

1. Check the contents of the wireless device package: adapter, installation disk, user manual for connection and configuration. The kit may also include an extension cord (for USB adapters).
2. Connect the adapter to a computer or laptop (via a USB port, to the motherboard or through a slot - depending on the device model). To connect the USB adapter, it is better to use the ports that are located on the back of the computer or use an extension cord to connect (so the data transfer rate will be higher).
3. Then insert the disc into the drive and install the software. Follow the installation wizard instructions, accepting the license agreement along the way.
4. If you do not have an installation disk, then download the drivers from the Internet by entering the adapter model and operating system type into the search engine.
5. When the software installation is completed, the computer will display the corresponding entry on the screen: click the "OK" button and close all windows.
6. Remove the device (if you need to safely remove it, use it) and restart your computer.
7. Wait for the operating system to fully load and reconnect the Wi-Fi adapter to your computer or laptop.
8. Left-click on the monitor icon, which is located on the taskbar near the clock, and check if the network connection icon appears.
9. Select the desired connection from the list and click on it.
10. Enter a password if necessary.

How to connect an internal adapter to a computer

To install an internal network adapter in the system unit of the computer, there must be a free socket designed for it.

1. Turn off the computer from the network and disconnect all wires from the rear panel of the system unit (if necessary, write down the location of the cables).
2. Place the unit on a flat surface and remove the screws on the back cover.
3. The desired slot is located on the rear panel at the bottom of the case: find an empty slot for the adapter, if necessary, remove the protective panel (unscrew the bolt).
4. Remove the antenna from the adapter.
5. Next, touch the block body (to remove static electricity).
6. Securely lock the adapter into the socket.
7. If you removed the protective panel, then put it in place (screw the bolt).
8. Then you need to install the antenna to the network adapter.
9. Close the case of the system unit and screw all the bolts into place.
10. Reconnect all cables to the rear panel and turn on the computer.
11. Press the power button on the computer and wait for the OS to fully load.

Take a look at our section, which contains articles on installing, connecting and replacing various devices.

Connecting a laptop to a Wi-Fi router is not difficult. But with connecting a computer to a wireless network, many have difficulties. Most PCs do not have a Wi-Fi module installed. Therefore, a special USB Wi-Fi adapter is required for setup.

Wi-Fi adapter for PC is designed for wireless exchange of packet data over a broadband communication channel. To put it simply, it is a device that provides an Internet connection without any cables.

Types of Wi-Fi adapters

There are two types of Wi-Fi adapters for a computer: external and internal. External ones have a USB output and are inserted into the corresponding port like a regular USB flash drive (by the way, these models are very similar to them). Internal adapters are installed in the PCI-Express slot on the motherboard, so to connect them you will need to disassemble the PC case.

The computer adapter operates on the frequency range in which Wi-Fi technology is used. It can read the signals received in this segment and convert them into digital form, and is also able to send data (distribute Wi-Fi) to other receiving devices, converting the “digit” into a radio wave.

For these purposes, the device is equipped with a special built-in or external antenna. A separate software-controlled microcircuit is responsible for the process of converting a radio signal into a digital code and vice versa. By installing this module on a computer, you can connect to an available network connection over the air, without cable connections.

Setting up and connecting a Wi-Fi adapter

Having connected the Wi-Fi adapter to the computer, you will also need to install the device driver into the operating system - a package of files that allow the system to identify it and correctly carry out subsequent interaction and operation.

Drivers and utilities are usually included with the adapter. They may be on the disk, or - if it is a USB model - they may be pre-installed on the device. In the latter case, when the module is connected via the USB port, the installation will start automatically.

Installing from a disk is also not difficult. You just need to run it in the CD / DVD drive, wait for the menu to autorun and select the "Install" item. If the drivers are not available, they can be downloaded from any computer with Internet access. They should be downloaded from the official website of the adapter manufacturer.

After installing the driver, go to the "Control Panel" and in the "Network and Internet" section, select the line "Network Control Center" (or "Network Connections"). A new label will appear here with the name of your adapter.

After installing the software, the computer will begin to "see" all available Wi-Fi networks. The computer will become discoverable on other devices - smartphones, laptops and TVs.

If you have already concluded an agreement with a provider that provides access to the network via Wi-Fi, then to access the Internet, just connect to the network by right-clicking on this shortcut.

Wi-Fi adapters are sold at any digital technology store. The average price is from 500 to 1000 rubles.

is a fairly frequently asked question. This is due to the fact that this technology of data transmission over the air is very widespread all over the world. Such distribution is explained by the extremely simple setup and easy use of WiFi networks anywhere, for example, in a cafe, at home, at work, in a shopping center, and so on.

As a rule, to connect to the network, the user simply needs to turn on the wireless adapter on a laptop or smartphone. After that, the device will start searching for available connections and offer a list. You just have to select the desired network and connect to it. But, before the adapter starts to work normally, it must be configured. And this is where some difficulties can arise for many.

How to set up a WiFi adapter easily and simply: Video

Equipment pre-configuration

Preliminary configuration of the wireless WiFi adapter is a software installation. In other words, installing drivers and necessary utilities for working with networks and equipment.

So, if we are talking about a laptop, then all the necessary drivers are available on the disk that was bundled with the computer upon purchase. If this disk is lost and you cannot find it, then you can download everything you need on the official website of the manufacturer, indicating the full name of the laptop model.

If you separately bought a WiFi adapter for a PC, then a disk must be attached to it. Also, knowing the exact name of the module, you can easily find the right software on the Internet. After installing the drivers, new hardware will appear in Device Manager. The computer will determine its name and exact model.

How to install WiFi driver: Video

Setting up the wireless module

After installing the drivers and utilities to work with the device, it is recommended to restart the computer. After that, you can proceed to further settings. Everything is just as simple here. All available settings that you can change are located in the network control center. It is this service that should be started in the first place to configure network adapters. You can open the service by simply right-clicking on the network icon in the tray (area in the lower right corner of the desktop).

So, how to set up a wireless WiFi network adapter? In the Network and Sharing Center, select "Change adapter settings". Here you will find a label for the wireless network. Depending on the version of the operating system, it may be called differently. In the seven - a wireless network connection, in the eight - a wireless network. If you right-click on this shortcut, a preliminary menu will appear. Here you can disable the adapter, run troubleshooting, and enter its properties.

Diagnostics allows you to automatically find problems and fix them. Users only need to carefully follow the prompts on the screen. As a result of the diagnostics, the system will provide a report on the work performed, from which you can find out what errors were found and what was fixed.

WiFi adapter properties

How to set up a network Wi-Fi adapter at a deeper level? To do this, enter its properties. Here you can select the components and protocols that will be used by the device. In addition, there are cases when you need to enter the connection IP address manually to configure the network. To do this, select Internet Protocol version 4 (TCPIPv4) and enter its properties. Here you should move the marker to the item "Use the following IP address" and enter the network data manually. You will find this information in the contract with the provider. You can also just call the customer support service of your provider and find out all the data.

• Are common.
• Additional.
• Driver.
• Intelligence.
• Power management.

The first tab displays information about the device. If an error occurs, its code and general information will be displayed here. If no errors are found, you will see the message "The device is working properly." In the second tab, you will see all the available functions and properties of your WiFi adapter. Here you can enable and disable certain functions, as well as set their values.

In the vast majority of cases, nothing needs to be configured in this menu, since all parameters are specified during driver installation. However, if necessary, here you can change the MAC address of the adapter by assigning absolutely any values. This is done only in extreme cases, when a change of physical address is necessary to connect to the network.

The Driver tab displays all information about the software and its version. Here you can uninstall or update the driver. The next tab "Details" allows you to find out detailed information about the device. It is worth noting that here you can find out absolutely all the information regarding your WiFi adapter. In the "Property" line, you select the function or service that you want to learn about. Below, in the "Value" line, detailed data about the support of the function and its properties will be displayed.

The last tab "Power Management" is the power settings for the Wi-Fi adapter. Here you can enable or disable the automatic shutdown of the device to save power.

Let's go back to the adapter properties. Now go to the "Access" tab. Here we can enable or disable Internet connection sharing with other users connected to the network. This setting is used when you create a virtual network using a laptop or PC as an access point or server.

Setting up an external Wi-Fi adapter

We figured out the settings for the wireless module on the laptop. But what if this is a USB module that is used in a desktop computer? How to set up a wireless USB WiFi adapter? Here it should be understood that it works in exactly the same way as the built-in models in laptops. Therefore, it supports the same properties and protocols and has similar settings.

I work as a specialist in the company "Techno-Master".

The idea to switch the phone's network card to monitor mode collapsed due to our own naivety and ignorance of elementary information that the vast majority of mobile network cards do not support this very monitor mode.

The idea of ​​implementing an idea using an external wireless Wi-Fi adapter or “whistle” that supports the desired monitor mode collapsed dozens of times due to new and new errors and loss of faith that this is even possible, but grew into this article.

So, how to connect an external Wi-Fi adapter to an Android device or hurdle race at a distance "inserted - netcfg wlan0 up":

Must be available:

My case:

1. Samsung GT-P5100 Galaxy Tab 2 10.1, Android 4.2.2
2. OTG "30-pin - USB"
3. Sources of the stock kernel 3.0.31-1919150 with
4. TP-LINK TL-WN722N adapter based on AR9271 chipset
5. ath9k_htc/htc_9271.fw
6. Ubuntu 15.04 distribution in VMware
7. android-tools-adb

I'll start. But please note that everything below is considered for the above set and the algorithm, most likely, is not universal, but deviations insignificant.

I. Start

The first step is to get the firmware of your adapter. I insert the adapter into the computer and execute the dmesg command. I find:

... [ 256.815266] usbcore: registered new interface driver ath9k_htc ...
Where is the word more right than the word driver- the required information. I have this - ath9k_htc. Google firmware for it. I'm rocking. I upload the .fw file to the phone in /system/etc/firmware

Then I install ADB:

apt-get install android-tools-adb

The third step is to download the toolchain (compiler for ARM) from here. There is a large archive, I only need the folder android-platform_prebuilt-android-sdk-adt_r20-0-ga4062cc.zip\android-platform_prebuilt-a4062cc\linux-x86\toolchain\ arm-eabi-4.4.3, which I unpack to an arbitrary location.

II. Overclocking

First I write in the terminal:

Export ARCH=arm export CROSS_COMPILE=~/same custom path/arm-eabi-4.4.3/bin/arm-eabi-
Then I go in the terminal to the directory with the kernel sources downloaded earlier, I write

Make help and I get a lot of information, among which I need to find something ending with _defconfig, I have this:

Android_espresso10_omap4430_r02_user_defconfig - Build for android_espresso10_omap4430_r02_user ...
Copied then:

Make android_espresso10_omap4430_r02_user_defconfig
And finally, I run the graphical kernel configuration:

Make menuconfig
The following window appears:

Screenshot

I am following the routes:

Next, I go to the kernel source folder and open the file Makefile. I find a line CFLAGS_MODULE = and add there -fno-pic so that it turns out:

I save. I return to the terminal, and if you closed it, then to the source directory too, and first I execute make modules_prepare , and then just make . The result will require waiting. My final set:

MODPOST 8 modules CC drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath.mod.o LD [M] drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath.ko CC drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_common.mod.o LD [ M] drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_common.ko CC drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_htc.mod.o LD [M] drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_htc.ko CC drivers /net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_hw.mod.o LD [M] drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_hw.ko CC drivers/net/wireless/bcmdhd/dhd.mod.o LD [M] drivers /net/wireless/bcmdhd/dhd.ko CC drivers/scsi/scsi_wait_scan.mod.o LD [M] drivers/scsi/scsi_wait_scan.ko CC net/mac80211/mac80211.mod.o LD [M] net/mac80211/mac80211 .ko CC net/wireless/cfg80211.mod.o LD [M] net/wireless/cfg80211.ko
You need modules (.ko files) that include the word ath And mac80211.ko. I transfer them to my phone.

You can use adb while working through a computer, or you can not use it and work through the phone terminal by typing commands with your fingers on the screen. I chose adb.

Let me remind you how it works. I connect the phone via USB (debugging, of course, is enabled) and execute:

Adb start-server
adb shell
su

I'm on the phone and under the root.

I look at which modules are already there with the lsmod command and unload them all, if possible, with the rmmod module name command

Then I go to the directory with the above modules:

cd /sdcard/your path/

You can verify that they are present with the ls command.

[email protected]:~/Kernel$ adb start-server * daemon not running. starting it now on port 5037 * * daemon started successfully * [email protected]:~/Kernel$ adb shell [email protected]:/ $su [email protected]:/ # cd /sdcard/temp [email protected]:/sdcard/temp # ls ath.ko ath9k_common.ko ath9k_htc.ko ath9k_hw.ko mac80211.ko
I load them with the insmod module name command in this and only this sequence (otherwise it simply won’t load, giving an error):

Ath.ko
ath9k_hw.ko
ath9k_common.ko
mac80211.ko
ath9k_htc.ko

III. Obstacles

This is the whole point, without which the article would be too simple.

1. Versions

Naturally, the first error occurs at the first stage.

Insmod ath.ko

Insmod: init_module "ath.ko" failed (Exec format error)
I see what the kernel message buffer says about this by running the dmesg command:

Ath: version magic "3.0.31 SMP preempt mod_unload modversions ARMv7 p2v8" should be "3.0.31-1919150 SMP preempt mod_unload modversions ARMv7 p2v8"
Versions do not match. 3.0.31 do not eat 3.0.31-1919150 .

Solution:

I open the same Makefile in the kernel sources and at the very top of the file I find:

VERSION=3
PATCHLEVEL = 0
SUBLEVEL = 31
EXTRAVERSION=
NAME = Sneaky Weasel

I am adding to EXTRAVERSION= missing piece of version -1919150 so that it turns out:

VERSION=3
PATCHLEVEL = 0
SUBLEVEL = 31
EXTRAVERSION = -1919150
NAME = Sneaky Weasel

And I save.
The final stage will take place in the catalog /include/config, where in the file kernel.release I will change 3.0.31 on 3.0.31-1919150
Again make modules_prepare , make and continue on the previous point.

2. ewma

Loading mac80211.ko again I have an error about which dmesg will say the following:

<4>[ 3491.160949] C1 [insmod] mac80211: Unknown symbol ewma_add (err 0)<4>[ 3491.161865] C1 [insmod] mac80211: Unknown symbol ewma_init (err 0)
Solution:

Having miraculously read on one of the English-language forums a dangerous, but the only one on the Internet, "solution", I turn to /net/mac80211/ and in files rx.c And sta_info.c and just delete [or comment (//)] lines ewma_add(&sta->avg_signal, -status->signal); And ewma_init(&sta->avg_signal, 1024, 8); respectively.

Screenshots

I recompile the modules again and move on.

3. LED

While loading ath9k_htc.ko And mac80211.ko regular mistakes, mac80211.ko This:

dmesg

<4>[ 2435.271636] C1 [insmod] mac80211: Unknown symbol led_trigger_unregister (err 0)<4>[ 2435.271820] C1 [insmod] mac80211: Unknown symbol led_brightness_set (err 0)<4>[ 2435.271972] C1 [insmod] mac80211: Unknown symbol led_blink_set (err 0)<4>[ 2435.272033] C1 [insmod] mac80211: Unknown symbol led_trigger_register (err 0)<4>[ 2435.272155] C1 [insmod] mac80211: Unknown symbol led_trigger_event (err 0)

And at ath9k_htc.ko This:

dmesg

<4>[ 2709.396392] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_start_tx_ba_cb_irqsafe (err 0)<4>[ 2709.396972] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_free_hw (err 0)<4>[ 2709.397155] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_alloc_hw (err 0)<4>[ 2709.397216] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_start_tx_ba_session (err 0)<4>[ 2709.397369] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_register_hw (err 0)<4>[ 2709.397430] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol led_classdev_unregister (err 0)<4>[ 2709.397491] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol __ieee80211_create_tpt_led_trigger (err 0)<4>[ 2709.397766] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_get_buffered_bc (err 0)<4>[ 2709.397827] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_find_sta (err 0)<4>[ 2709.398284] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_stop_tx_ba_cb_irqsafe (err 0)<4>[ 2709.398376] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol wifi_to_ieee80211_hw (err 0)<4>[ 2709.398498] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_queue_delayed_work (err 0)<4>[ 2709.398712] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_rx (err 0)<4>[ 2709.398895] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_wake_queues (err 0)<4>[ 2709.399230] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_tx_status (err 0)<4>[ 2709.399291] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_stop_queues (err 0)<4>[ 2709.399505] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_iterate_active_interfaces_atomic (err 0)<4>[ 2709.399597] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_unregister_hw (err 0)<4>[ 2709.399749] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_beacon_get_tim (err 0)<4>[ 2709.399871] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol led_classdev_register (err 0)<4>[ 2709.399932] C1 [insmod] ath9k_htc: Unknown symbol ieee80211_queue_work (err 0)

If ieee80211_- errors from ath9k_htc.ko it's because i'm trying to upload it before mac80211.ko, That led_- errors from both modules from the fact that the phone does not understand what to do with the LED on my adapter. There are two scenarios here.

In the first, the icon is simply removed from the graphical kernel configuration [*] against
Networking support → Wireless → Enable LED triggers And Device Drivers → LED Support.

And in the second, this very icon is frozen and cannot be removed. This means that when choosing my adapter, the "support" of the LED is automatically selected, which cannot be removed. Of course, this is my case:

Screenshots

Solution:

Help button Device Drivers → LED Support displays the following information for the section:

Screenshot

I'm interested in:

Defined at drivers/leds/Kconfig

So all settings are stored in this file. For a long time I suffered Kconfig V /drivers/leds/ until I thought of looking at the same file in my /drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k where I found the answer to my question:

…
config ATH9K_HTC

depends on USB && MAC80211
select ATH9K_HW
select MAC80211_LEDS
select LEDS_CLASS
select NEW_LEDS
select ATH9K_COMMON
...

I immediately delete lines that include a scary word LED, I get

…
config ATH9K_HTC
tristate Atheros HTC based wireless cards support
depends on USB && MAC80211
select ATH9K_HW
select ATH9K_COMMON
...

and save. Now you can uncheck:

Again and again recompilation, new modules, etc.

Voila. All modules are loaded. I turn off Wi-Fi on the phone and connect the adapter. But the LED on it, you guessed it, will not work. It is not needed.

4. Firmware version

If all the necessary modules are loaded, but after connecting the adapter to the phone you do not see anything new in the output of the netcfg command, then the same dmesg comes to the rescue.

…
[ 7582.477874] C0 [khubd] ath9k_htc 1-1:1.0: ath9k_htc: Please upgrade to FW version 1.3
...

Screenshot

Solution:

We just download another firmware, but already the required version, and put it in place of the previous one.

IV. Finish

Now there shouldn't be any problems. I turn off my native Wi-Fi, all modules are loaded, the firmware of the required version. Insert adapter and netcfg brings happiness for the first time. I set the monitor mode for the appeared network interface and raise it. Success!

Native Wi-Fi is off

Well, you already know how and why the monitor mode is often used. Thank you for your attention!

Aircrack via OTG